A dental implant is a process which involves replacing an extracted tooth with a metal stud or post screwed directly into the bone that remains as an anchor to the crown or false dental replacement that would somehow or another not have anything to keep it arranged directly into the tooth attachment of your missing tooth. That is the primary purpose of a dental implant procedure. The false teeth, dental replacement, or crown, is placed right on the stud. Then, the post itself makes your new teeth work like genuine teeth. It is the best alternative used for dentures with loose attachment or those who have a high tendency to fall out (because they are not attached to the gums. Implants look more like real teeth as compared to the detachable dentures or crown attached atop dental bridges which can damage the adjacent teeth of both sides. This helps to place the artificial tooth in between the teeth or hanging the tooth like a bridge in the gap present between the teeth.
The procedure of a tooth implant can be broken into seven steps
1- Remove the Tooth- The tooth should be removed as soon as possible just for the care of the buccal plate or to protect the bone surrounding the tooth. A fine diamond bur is used during removal to trace the root. Periotomes may be located between the bone and root helping in tooth removal. After the removal of the tooth, it is necessary to examine the exact site of the bone and try to find out any bony defects.
2- Attach the Socket- It is necessary to graft the socket in the bone just to preserve and protect the bone for the implant. A surgical curette should be used to clear the socket from granulation material. Then irrigate the site using a scaler to scrape the wall to start bleeding. Grafting material (either synthetic or allograft) is used to fill up the socket to the crest of the bone.
3- Allow the Attached Extraction Site to Heal- Next, the crest preservation process, the grafting material assists to keep the bone volume that is necessary to an easy, expected implant placement process and anesthetic, practical result. The extraction site takes four months to heal and the graft to establish. At this time local bone cells develop and replace the grafting material and function as a perfect place for implant placement.
4- Flapless Surgery- The implant is placed after the healing of the socket site. The site should have adequate ridge width and height. The site should be examined properly intraorally and radiography is used to confirm the bone volume for implantation. After the administration of anesthesia before surgery, a periodontal probe is used to further confirm the occlusal and lingual bone, this must be confirmed before implant placement. The best option for implant placement is the flapless implant process due to its benefits like it is less insidious, decreases disturbance of the blood supply, and assists a smooth healing procedure. During the flapless surgical method, an opening is created for osteotomy with the help of a tissue punch at the exact location and to make sure the implant is located 1.5mm from the adjacent teeth. Radiographs are used to validate the precise positioning and angulations. Multiple surgical drills are used to adjust the diameter and length of the implant. Once the surgery has been completed the implant is placed. A torque wrench is used to achieve the final implant placement, and stability can be confirmed.
5- Placing Healing Abutment- After the confirmation of primary stability, a healing abutment is placed at the site of the implant placement. It is essential to make sure that the healing abutment is out of occlusion in centric. This will protect the implant against applied forces during the healing time.
6- Get a Final Impression- Three months after the implant placement, a healing abutment is detached. This will expose a healthy soft-tissue collar around the insert site, which has been guided by the healing abutment. Vinyl polysiloxane material is used to take a closed impression and a final fabrication sent to the lab.
7- Deliver a Screw-Retained Crown- The dental laboratory constructs the perfect restoration based on the final impression. In the case of a single tooth implant, screw-retained crowns are the best option because these are esthetic, predictable, and easy to place. The crown directly attached to the implant is better than fixing the abutment with cement. The shape, fit and contour are designed digitally for a screw-retained crown which is perfectly aligned to soft tissue.
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